Everything about Nyuserre Ini totally explained
Nyuserre Ini, also spelt as
Neuserre Izi or
Niuserre Isi and sometimes Nyuserra (in
Greek known as
Rathoris), was a Pharaoh of Egypt during the
Fifth dynasty. He is frequently given a reign of 24 or 25 years and is dated from ca.
2416 BC-
2392 BC. His prenomen, Niuserre, means "Possessed of Re's Power." Niuserre was the younger son of pharaoh
Neferirkare Kakai by Queen
Khentkaus II, and the brother of the short-lived king
Neferefre.
Reign Length
In
Manetho's
Epitome, he's said to have reigned for 44 years but this data is considered suspect. The
Turin King List data for his reign is badly damaged although scholars have usually assumed that it was 24 years. The Danish
Egyptologist Kim Ryholt who twice analysed the Turin King-list papyrus in the 1990s, however, notes that "
Niuserre's reign is damaged. There is a distinct trace of a 10, 20 or 30, followed by a stroke after which the papyrus breaks off. Accordingly, the possibilities are 11-14, 21-24, and 31-34 years [forNyuserre], and not just 24 years" as is conventionally assumed.
However, since a
Sed Feast scene is noted for Nyuserre from his solar temple at
Abu Gurab, a reign of more than 30 years can be suggested for this Pharaoh.
The Czech Egyptologist
Miroslav Verner who has been excavating the Old Kingdom pyramids on behalf of the
University of Prague in Egypt since 1976 concurs with the view that Nyuserre had a reign in excess of 30 years. He bases his opinion here on this king's numerous building activities in
Abusir which included the
» "construction of his own pyramid complex and two small complexes Lepsius no.XXIV and no.XXV for his wives,...the completion of the unfinished funerary monuments of his direct relatives Neferirkara, Khentkhaus II and Neferefra" as well as the completion of this king's substantial sun temple building complex at
Abu Gurab. "Beautiful reliefs with the scenes of the sed-festival from this sun temple are occasionally considered as indirect evidence of a long reign for this king. Generally, the historical authenticity...of such reliefs is doubted since the sed-festival scenes very probably belonged in the Old Kingdom to the standard 'Bildprogram' of the royal funerary monuments. However, in Niuserre's case, the sed-festival scenes from Abu Ghurob [mostprobably reflect]
the 30th jubilee of the king's ascension to the throne."
Nyuserre's burial place is a
pyramid at
Abusir located between those of pharaohs
Sahure and
Neferirkare Kakai. Its initial height was around 50m, with a base of about 79 square meters and a slope of 52 degrees. His queen,
Reput-Nebu, was also buried nearby. His magnificent temple of the
solar cult at Abusir is called the Joy of
Re. While military campaigns to
Libya and
Asia are mentioned in documents of this period, we've no specific evidence regarding the military activities of this ruler.
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